Security breaches often stem from a handful of common threats, both internal and external. Identify the five most IT security risks and learn how to address them effectively to keep your systems safe.

Accidental malware installation

Malware, also known as malicious software, is software created that causes damage to computers, servers, or networks. It ranges from viruses and worms, to ransomware and spyware, and is capable of stealing sensitive data or causing significant harm to systems. Malware can be inadvertently installed through various means, often by downloading software from untrusted sources. For example, torrent websites may prompt users to download software for proper functionality, only to include malware as part of the installation. Additionally, hackers may send emails with infected attachments or links to malicious websites disguised to look official.

You can avoid malware installation by implementing the following best practices:

• Download only from trusted sources: Ensure that any software is from a reputable website. Be vigilant about the URL, as cybercriminals often create fake sites with slightly altered addresses, such as “www.g00gle.com” instead of “www.google.com.”
• Inspect file names: Malware often masquerades as legitimate files, using similar names with slight variations. If in doubt, do not download the file and, if it’s from someone you know, verify its authenticity.
• Scan before opening: Scan all downloaded files with antivirus software before accessing them.
• Avoid risky websites: Steer clear of torrent sites, adult content, or platforms that stream pirated videos, as these often harbor malware.

Unauthorized admin access

Many users operate their computers with administrator privileges, allowing them to install software and change settings. If a hacker gains access to an admin account, they can control the system entirely, potentially exposing sensitive data and network integrity.

There are two key ways to mitigate this risk:

• Restrict admin rights: Grant administrative access only to users according to their responsibilities. By restricting admin privileges, you can minimize the impact of a compromised account.
• Integrate antivirus software: Utilize antivirus software and regularly update it to recognize new threats. Furthermore, routine scans can help recognize potential threats early, providing an additional layer of security against malware that may exploit admin access.

Physical access to your computer

Allowing physical access to your computer can lead to serious security issues, such as malware infections or data theft. For example, if you leave your computer unlocked, someone could easily insert an infected USB drive or even reset your password, exposing your system and sensitive information.

To enhance your computer’s physical security, consider these practices:

• Use strong passwords: Always secure your computer with a strong, unique password.
• Lock your computer: Make it a habit to lock, turn off, or log off your device whenever you step away, preventing unauthorized access to your files.
• Disable unused drives and ports: If you don’t use certain drives, such as CD/DVD or ports like USB, disable them in your system settings. This reduces the risk of someone using removable media to introduce malware or steal data.

Insider threats

Insider threats are internal security risks that most often originate from employees. These risks can arise from malicious intent, such as a disgruntled employee deleting crucial data, or from negligence, where a worker inadvertently introduces malware. Both scenarios can lead to significant damage to your IT systems.

To mitigate insider threats, you should restrict access to files and systems based on each employee’s role, similar to addressing unauthorized admin access. For example, there is no reason a member of the marketing team should have unrestricted access to confidential financial data. Additionally, regularly review and revoke any unnecessary access rights (such as when an employee transfers to another department or leaves the company) to further minimize potential harm.

Compromised passwords

Weak passwords are a leading cause of security breaches, with 35% of respondents in a Forbes Advisor survey identifying them as the source of their data breaches. Beyond setting easily guessed passwords, individuals often recycle them across several accounts, increasing their vulnerability to a major security breach.

To strengthen password security, follow these recommendations:

• Create strong, unique passwords: For each account, choose complex passwords that include a combination of capital and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters. Also, consider using passphrases instead of passwords. Passphrases are easier to remember than complex passwords but are significantly harder to crack, providing enhanced security without the burden of memorization.
• Implement multifactor authentication (MFA): Enhance your security by requiring verification methods in addition to your password, such as a fingerprint or a one-time code.

Understanding the most common security risks and incorporating the right security strategies will help secure your business IT against both external and internal threats.

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Published with consideration from TechAdvisory.org SOURCE